chronic endocervisitis with squamaous metaplasia?!


Question: Chronic endocervisitis with squamaous metaplasia?
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What about it?
PANDAS is an abbreviation for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections. This diagnosis is used to describe a set of children who have a rapid onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or tic disorders such as Tourette syndrome (TS), following group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infections such as "strep throat" and scarlet fever.[1] The proposed link between infection and these disorders is an autoimmune reaction, where antibodies produced by the infection interfere with neuronal cells.[2]
This diagnosis is controversial and its usefulness is disputed by some scientists who think this sub-set of patients do not differ significantly from the remainder of the patient population, and that infections do not increase the risk of OCD or tics.[3] Consequently, the PANDAS model is a complex and rapidly-moving area of medical research, with a 2009 review stating that the link between streptococcal infections and tic disorders has remained unclear, despite a great deal of work in the area.[4] PANDAS is currently not listed as a diagnosis by the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) or the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).
PANDAS is hypothesized to be caused by an autoimmune disorder that results in a variable combination of tics, obsessions, compulsions, and other symptoms that may be severe enough to qualify for diagnoses such as chronic tic disorder, OCD, and Tourette's. The cause is thought to be akin to that of Sydenham's chorea, which is known to result from childhood Group A streptococcal (GAS) infection leading to the autoimmune disorder acute rheumatic fever of which Sydenham's is one manifestation. Like Sydenham's, PANDAS is thought to involve autoimmunity to the brain's basal ganglia. Unlike Sydenham's, PANDAS is not associated with other manifestations of acute rheumatic fever, such as inflammation of the heart.[7]
PANDAS has not been validated as a disease classification, for several reasons. Its proposed age of onset and clinical features reflect a particular group of patients chosen for research studies, with no systematic studies of the possible relationship of GAS to other neurologic symptoms. There is controversy over whether its symptom of choreiform movements is distinct from the similar movements of Sydenham's. It is not known whether the pattern of abrupt onset is specific to PANDAS. Finally, there is controversy over whether there is a temporal relationship between GAS infections and PANDAS symptoms.



Endocervicitis definition
ENDOCERVICITIS, also called endotrachelitis, is an inflammatory condition infecting the mucous lining of the uterine cervical canal. Most of endocervicitis is as a part of chronic cervicitis, and caused by pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, E. coli, and anaerobes. These pathogens affects the endometrium to lead to inflammation, presented as redness, edema, purulent discharge.
Endocervicitis manifestations:
? Purulent discharge increase.
? Uterine cervical mucous membrane congestion, redness, and hyperplasia.
? Hyperplastic mucosa may protrude toward the outside of cervical tube.
? A little purulent discharge accumulating outside the opening of cervical tube.
Due to the hyperemia, edema, inflammatory cells infiltration and hyperplasia of the mucous membrane of the cervix of uterus, endocervicitis often intensifies the severity of cervical hypertrophy.
How to deal with Endocervicitis
Antibiotic therapy is a main method to relieve inflammation, but the effect of local anti-inflammatory treatment on endocervicitis is worse. How to deal with endocervicitis effectively?
Choose systemic anti-inflammatory treatment to affect the entire body: get secretions of the cervical tube for laboratory culture and sensitivity test, and find bacteria Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis, According to test results choose the corresponding anti-infective drugs.




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