How do you/doctors determine when toddlers on younger children need glasses?!
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There is a test we perform, called a cycloplegic refraction, where we put drops in the child's eyes to paralyse their focussing, which enables us to get a measure of their refraction. If this result falls outside a reasonable range, then glasses would be prescribed.
There are other factors which we take into consideration, such as the presence of a turned eye. A child will also resist occlusion of their good eye, if they have one lazy eye ie you can cover the bad eye and they don't notice, but if you cover their good eye, they will pull away. This is a good sign you need to intervene and sort out the weaker eye.